IoT protocols for system integration in Smart Buildings

In this third report of the Smart Building Series, prepared by the Smart consulting team of JG Ingenieros SA and led by Marçal Molist Puigdomenech, we explore and analyze the main protocols and standards used for the communication of devices involved in the operation of buildings, categorizing them according to the use of wiring and the scope inside or outside the building.

Why an article focused on IoT protocols? Without a doubt, the Internet of Things (IoT) has redefined communication between objects and devices through various technologies, both wired and wireless. It is crucial to understand that IoT devices do not need to strictly connect to the public internet; rather, they are part of an interconnected network and are individually addressable. This revolution is achieved thanks to sensors, generally powered by batteries, capable of collecting data from the environment and sharing it with other devices or storing it in the cloud. This data drives applications, analytics and services offered by IoT technology.

Various sectors benefit from IoT, from monitoring vital signs in health to controlling industrial production and improving traffic management in smart cities. In the field of smart buildings, monitoring systems and parameters is essential for efficient management, guaranteeing more efficient and comfortable buildings for users. However, while the IoT promises a promising future, it also carries risks. Critical systems connected to the network can be vulnerable to cyberattacks, compromising normal building operation and data privacy.